Regulation A+ Offering: Fact or Fiction?

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Crowdfunding continues to disrupt the financial landscape, offering new paths for companies to raise capital. Within this realm, Regulation A+ offerings have emerged as a potential method, allowing businesses to secure funds from a wider pool of investors. However, the hype surrounding Regulation A+ has sparked debate about its viability.

Is it truly a game-changer for startups and growing companies or merely a fleeting trend? This article delves into the nuances of Regulation A+ offerings, exploring both the advantages and obstacles. We'll investigate real-world examples, perspectives from industry experts, and regulatory directions to provide a balanced overview of this intriguing financing strategy.

Moreover, we'll discuss the evolving regulatory environment and its impact on Regulation A+ offerings.
In conclusion, investors seeking to participate in this crowdfunding trend should consider the potential risks and rewards carefully.

Embracing Regulation A+ in the realm of Startups

Regulation A+, a relatively recent fundraising mechanism, presents a exceptional opportunity with startups seeking to attract capital. This classification of SEC regulation permits businesses to openly offer their securities to the general public, thereby broadening their potential investor base.

Startups contemplating Regulation A+ should carefully assess its relevance to their individual circumstances.

Fundamental factors to reflect upon include the intricacies of the regulatory process, compliance requirements, and the anticipated costs associated with this fundraising route.
Moreover, startups should formulate a comprehensive investor communications strategy to effectively communicate information about their operation and the conditions of the offering.

Pursuing expert advice from legal professionals is essential to navigate the complexities of Regulation A+ and ensure a seamless fundraising campaign.

Uncover Title IV Reg A+ - Crowdfunder Blog

Dive completely into the world of Title IV Regulation A+, a funding mechanism that empowers businesses to raise capital from the public through investor networks. Our latest infographic breaks down the intricacies of Reg A+, highlighting its key features and potential benefits for both companies and investors.

Discover how Title IV Reg A+ differs from traditional funding methods.
Attain insights into the licensing process for public offerings.
Explore the diverse range of industries utilizing Reg A+ financing.

Visit our blog to download the infographic and keep informed about the latest trends in Title IV Regulation A+.

Fundraising Framework - Securex Filings LLC

Securex Filings LLC assists/supports/guides companies/businesses/enterprises in navigating the complexities of the/a/its Regulation A+ process/framework/system. This tier/stage/level of securities registration/filing/offering allows publicly traded/non-traded/privately held companies to raise capital/funds/equity from a wider pool/range/spectrum of investors/individuals/participants while providing greater/increased/enhanced transparency/disclosure/accessibility. Securex Filings LLC's team/experts/specialists possess/have/demonstrate in-depth knowledge/understanding/expertise of the Regulation A+ regulations/requirements/guidelines, ensuring a streamlined/efficient/comprehensive filing/submission/process.

Crowdfunding for the Masses

The world of finance is undergoing a revolution, fueled by the power of collective action. Previously exclusive, access to funding is now within reach of common people thanks to emerging crowdfunding platforms. These platforms enable individuals and startups to secure capital directly from the community.

Forget about when financial support was solely allocated by conventional institutions. Crowdfunding has revolutionized the funding landscape, allowing anyone with a worthy idea to attract the resources they need to succeed.

From personal endeavors to community development, crowdfunding has become a powerful tool for making a difference. Backers can now directly contribute to causes they care about and play an active role in shaping the future.

StreetShares

StreetShares is the groundbreaking online platform that links small businesses with individual investors. It provides companies with access to capital, empowering them to thrive. By disrupting the lending landscape, StreetShares empowers small businesses to achieve success in their communities.

StreetShare offers a variety of investment opportunities tailored to the requirements of small businesses.
Their online tools is known for its ease of use, making it accessible for businesses of all scales
Street Share has assisted thousands of small businesses to achieve their goals since its launch.

Unlocking Regulation A+ for Thriving Fundraising

Regulation A+ has emerged as a viable tool for companies seeking to raise funding in the public markets. This progressive regulatory framework allows businesses to attract investment from a extensive range of backers. By leveraging the adaptability of Regulation A+, companies can enhance their fundraising strategies, ultimately fueling their expansion.

To effectively utilize Regulation A+ for fundraising, businesses should carefully plan a comprehensive offering pitch. This document should clearly articulate the company's vision, market potential, and financial estimates.

Additionally, companies should build a robust network with experienced financial advisors who are proficient in the intricacies of Regulation A+.

EquityNet

SEC EquityNet is a/serves as/functions as an online platform that empowers/facilitates/enables access to private market investments. It offers/provides/presents a comprehensive database/repository/catalog of investment opportunities from various/numerous/diverse companies. Registered investors can browse/explore/review these offerings, conduct due diligence, and potentially/may/could participate in rounds/deals/transactions. EquityNet plays a/serves as/acts as a vital/crucial/essential resource for both individual investors and businesses/companies/entrepreneurs seeking capital.

Regulation A+

Regulation A+, often known as Regulation A Plus, is a rule within the U.S. securities laws that allows private companies to raise capital via public contributions. A company conducting a A+ Offering can raise up to tens of how to invest raise millions in funds. These offerings are governed by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) {and provide companies with a streamlined path for public fundraising compared to traditional initial public offerings (IPOs).{

Key features of Regulation A+ include:
Funding caps are relatively low compared to IPOs.{
Simplified registration procedures .{
Investor base are primarily accredited investors .

Navigating Regulation A+ Crowdfunding

Regulation A+ crowdfunding presents a unique opportunity for businesses to secure funding. This legal structure allows non-traded companies to issue securities to the general public. However, it's essential for entities to understand the complex regulations managing this funding mechanism.

Advantages of Regulation A+ crowdfunding include greater investment potential for emerging companies.
Conversely, potential challenges this funding method may include administrative burdens.

Ultimately, navigating Regulation A+ crowdfunding requires a deep comprehension of the regulations. Consulting with securities law and financial professionals is crucial to navigate successfully this complex regulatory environment.

Providing Requirements for Regulation

Successful launching a service involves meeting stringent governing requirements. These requirements often encompass various aspects, comprising compliance with legislation, authorization protocols, and disclosure standards. Supervisory bodies typically set these requirements to safeguard investors and maintain a stable financial market. Understanding these regulatory obligations is essential for entities to function legally in the financial industry.

Regulation + Investopedia

Investopedia serves as a comprehensive platform for understanding financial concepts, and regulation plays a pivotal role in this landscape. Whether you're exploring the intricacies of financial instruments, delving into the nuances of compliance , or simply seeking to grasp the impact of government policies on the financial world, Investopedia offers a wealth of content . Its articles, tutorials, and glossary provide clarity on the evolving regulatory environment, empowering individuals to make educated decisions in the realm of finance.

My Initial Public Offering (IPO) via Reg A+ for my First JOBS Act Company is Now Live on the OTCQX

After months of intensive/dedicated/arduous work and preparation, we are thrilled to announce that our/my/the mini-IPO, powered by the JOBS Act and conducted through a Reg A+ offering, has successfully taken place. Our company/My company/The company, now publicly traded on the OTCQX market, is poised for exponential/rapid/sustained growth as we embark on this exciting new chapter.

This milestone marks a significant/pivotal/monumental achievement for our team and validates/demonstrates/confirms the strong belief in our vision and products/services/platform. We are incredibly grateful for the support of our investors, advisors, and employees who have been instrumental in making this dream a reality.

Looking ahead/Moving forward/As we progress, we are focused on expanding/scaling/growing our operations, leveraging/utilizing/harnessing the OTCQX platform to its fullest potential, and delivering exceptional value to our stakeholders/our investors/the market.

We encourage you to follow our journey/Stay tuned for updates/Keep an eye on our progress as we navigate this new terrain.
Together, we will achieve great things/This is just the beginning of our success story/The future is bright for our company/my company/the company.

Facilitate Reg A+ Funding Rounds on the Platform

FundersClub is thrilled to announce it's now allowing Reg A+ offerings on its platform. This exciting development offers a new avenue for companies to access capital from the public investor base. Reg A+ rules provide a streamlined and efficient route for companies to raise capital from multiple investors, such as both accredited and non-accredited investors. This addition bolsters FundersClub's mission to leveling the playing field access to capital for emerging companies.

Securities Regulation

Regulation A+, often referred to as Reg A+, presents a pathway for enterprises to raise capital through the public market. Differing from traditional initial public offerings (IPOs), Reg A+ is designed to be more simplified for emerging businesses. Through this regulation, companies can issue their securities directly to the public.

Platforms facilitating crowdfunding have emerged as a key mechanism for Reg A+ offerings. These platforms link companies with potential financiers, often utilizing an online system.

Some popular crowdfunding platforms that host Reg A+ offerings include

Reg A+

A Regulation A+/ is a type of securities offering/registration/transaction that allows companies to raise capital from the public/general investing population/marketplace without having to undergo the complexities/rigors/challenges of a traditional IPO/Initial Public Offering/stock market launch. Companies choose this avenue/path/route because it offers a more streamlined/efficient/affordable process and can be particularly beneficial for startups/small businesses/emerging companies looking to secure funding for growth or expansion.

Key benefits of Regulation A+ offerings include:

Increased access to capital for companies:

Reduced regulatory burdens compared to traditional IPOs:

Opportunity to build a wider shareholder base through public exposure/marketing/awareness:

Regulation A+ Guidelines for Fundraising

When it comes to exempt offerings and fundraising, understanding the nuances of Regulation A+ is paramount. Regulators have established comprehensive rules and requirements designed to ensure protection for both companies seeking capital and participants . A+ Regulation offers a path for companies to raise significant amounts of capital from the wider market, subject to specific mandates. Understanding these regulations can be complex , making it crucial for prospective issuers to seek expert advice.

Key elements of Regulation A+ encompass disclosure requirements aimed at providing investors with a detailed understanding of the offering.
Background checks play a critical role in ensuring the legitimacy of offerings under Regulation A+.
Regular updates is expected to maintain market transparency .

ShareSlide

SlideShare serves as a platform for presenting professional and educational content. Users can post Presentations on a variety of subjects, ranging from {marketing to technology{ to personal development. SlideShare is widely used by professionals, educators, and learners to exchange information.

You can find an extensive collection of subject matter across diverse fields.
Constructing your own SlideShare requires minimal effort.
{The platform allows for|Users can embed audio files to supplement the viewer experience.

Provisions A Securities Act of 1933 Jobs Act Section 106 Reg A Tier 2 Fundraising

The Securities Markets Adjustment Act of 2010, also frequently known as the Jobs Act, introduced significant amendments to the Securities Act of 1933. One key addition was Rule A Tier 2, a streamlined mechanism for companies to raise capital through equity placements. Reg A Tier 2 enables businesses to offer securities to the public without the rigorous registration requirements of a traditional IPO. This path can be particularly advantageous for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) seeking funding .

Typically, , Reg A Tier 2 fundraising are limited to procuring a maximum of ten million dollars per year.
Businesses utilizing Reg A Tier 2 must still adhere with certain transparency requirements, but the load is substantially less than a traditional IPO.

Controlled by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), Reg A Tier 2 provides a valuable tool for companies to access public capital markets in a more expeditious manner. However, , it is essential for companies considering this avenue to carefully review with legal and financial advisors to ensure full adherence with all applicable regulations.

Controlling Text

When handling text, regulations play a crucial role. This helps maintain consistency and prevent issues. {Regulations canfocus on various aspects of text, such as grammar. They might specify formatting requirements. By implementing these regulations, we can achieve clarity and readability of written communication.

Legislation A+ Offering Regulation A Plus

When considering a Venture with a Regulation A+ offering, it's crucial to thoroughly Review the Details. These offerings provide Entities the chance to invest in Growing companies while benefiting from Targeted Regulations. Regulation A+ presents a Simplified pathway for companies seeking Capital, allowing them to Secure capital from a broader range of Sources.

Comprehend the Mechanics of Regulation A+ offerings.
Consider the risks and Rewards involved.
Seek advice with a qualified Financial professional.

Regulation A vs. Rule D FRB

When navigating the world of securities offerings and bank regulations, understanding the distinctions between Provision A and Rule D issued by the Federal Reserve Board (FRB) is crucial. Regulation A, often referred to as, a "mini-IPO," provides an exemption from certain registration requirements for offerings of up to a specific amount. In contrast, Regulation D governs private placements and offers exemptions for securities sales to sophisticated purchasers.

Choosing between these two regulations hinges on several factors, including the amount of the offering, the target market, and the issuer's financial status. Carefully evaluating these elements is essential to select the most appropriate regulatory pathway for a successful securities transaction.

Controlling a DPO In-House

The task of governing a Data Protection Officer (DPO) can be complex, involving a spectrum of procedures.

This typically entails establishing clear policies for their role, guaranteeing they have the required resources and power to effectively perform their functions.

Moreover, regular performance assessments are often utilized to observe their commitment with data protection legislation and the organization's own guidelines.

SEC Approves New “Reg A+” Rules for Crowdfunding

In a landmark/major/significant move to empower/stimulate/foster the crowdfunding industry, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has approved/finalized/ratified new rules for Regulation A+. This revamped/updated/enhanced regulation, known as “Reg A+”, seeks to streamline/simplify/expedite the process for companies/businesses/enterprises to raise capital/funds/investment from the public.

Under the new rules, small/start-up/emerging businesses will have a greater/wider/more extensive opportunity to access/attract/secure funding through crowdfunding platforms/websites/sites. The SEC believes that these changes will boost/increase/accelerate economic growth and provide/offer/deliver more investment opportunities/choices/possibilities for individual investors.

The new rules include/New regulations encompass/Key provisions of the revised regulation/These amendments establish several key/important/essential changes, including/such as/among which:

* Increased/Higher/Elevated funding limits/thresholds/caps.

* Streamlined/Simplified/Expedited filing and reporting requirements.

* Enhanced/Improved/Strengthened investor protections.

The SEC’s decision to update/reform/restructure Reg A+ is expected to have a profound/substantial/significant impact on the crowdfunding landscape, making it more accessible/opening doors wider/creating new avenues for both businesses and investors.

Regulation A+ vs. Distinctions Between Reg A and Reg D

When researching the world of capital raising, you'll encounter two key rules : Regulation A+ and Regulation D. While both enable companies to secure funding from the public, they vary significantly in their application. Regulation A+, often known as a "mini-IPO," allows companies to raise substantial capital by offering securities to the general public through a simplified process. In comparison , Regulation D is geared towards smaller offerings and restricts buyers to a more limited pool .

Furthermore , Reg A+ demands greater transparency with the public, while Reg D offers greater autonomy in this regard.
Therefore, choosing between these two regulations hinges on factors like the company's financial goals, target demographics, and risk tolerance

Section 506

Regulation D encompasses a set of rules regulating the private placement of securities. Within Regulation D, Rule 506 outlines specific requirements for exempt offerings. There areIt is divided intoSeveral variations exist within distinct classifications under Rule 506: Rule 506(b) and Rule 506(c).

Rule 506(b) permits issuers to sell securities privately to an unlimited number of accredited investors and a limited number of non-accredited investors.
Rule 506(c) allows for offerings solely to accredited investors, with no restrictions on the number of participants.

Additionally, there is Rule 506D, which provides a structure governing equity crowdfunding exchanges. These rules are designed to facilitate capital formation for issuers.

Series 7 Regulation

When navigating the complexities of Regulation D, understanding the distinctions between Rule 506(b) and Rule 506(c) is crucial. These rules govern private placements under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933. Rule 506(b) permits offerings to an unlimited number of accredited investors and up to twenty non-accredited investors, while Rule 506(c) allows for unrestricted |general solicitation and advertising but mandates that all investors be certified. A key distinction is the need for due diligence by companies offering securities under these rules.

The Series 7 exam oftentests these concepts, so familiarity with both Rule 506(b) and Rule 506(c) is necessary. Understanding the nuances of each rule can help you assess the appropriate structure for a private placement and navigate the regulatory landscape effectively.

Bear in mind: Rule 506(b) offers more flexibility with non-accredited investors, while Rule 506(c) relies on investor accreditation.
Evaluate the specific needs of your offering and the level of careful examination required under each rule.

Explore DreamFunded Resources on Regulation A+

Navigating the nuances of Regulation A+ can be a daunting task for investors and enterprises alike. Fortunately, DreamFunded furnishes a wealth of invaluable resources to help you grasp this innovative investment mechanism. Their website is a treasure trove of knowledge on everything from legal requirements to capital raising strategies. Whether you're an savvy investor or just launching your journey into Regulation A+, DreamFunded's resources can help you make strategic decisions.

Leverage their in-depth tutorials to master the intricacies of Regulation A+
Network with a group of individuals and firms
Access special analysis from industry authorities

Over-the-Counter (OTC) Markets

The OTC market provides a platform for the exchange of securities that are not listed on major stock markets. These markets exist outside the regulated system of traditional exchanges, often offering investors with access to smaller companies and niche investment possibilities. Trading on OTC Markets can be more risky than those on traditional exchanges, as rules are generally less stringent.

Investors in the OTC market should carefully investigate companies and understand the inherent risks.

An Intersection Point

A tripoint is an intersection point where three lines converge. This can apply to the meeting of three states, or it could be the juxtaposition of three geological formations.

The precise definition of a tripoint can differ based on the context. For example, in cartography, a tripoint might be marked by a physical monument, while in geology, it could simply be the transition between three types of terrain.

Regardless of its nature, a tripoint signifies the convergence of different forces. It serves as a unique point on the map, highlighting the complex interactions that shape our world.

Financial Industry Regulatory Authority

FINRA is a/plays the role of/serves as the largest/leading/primary independent regulator/self-regulatory organization/oversight body for the U.S. securities industry. It oversees/regulates/administers a vast network of broker-dealers and financial advisors/investment professionals/trading firms, working to protect investors and ensure/maintain/promote market integrity. FINRA's comprehensive/expansive/wide-ranging regulatory framework encompasses a myriad/an array/numerous aspects of the securities industry, including brokerage activities, investment products, advertising practices/market surveillance, investor education, dispute resolution.

FINRA develops/implements/enforces industry rules and regulations to govern/that govern/governing member firms.
Through/By means of/Utilizing its extensive regulatory authority, FINRA strives to/seeks to/aims to prevent fraud/abuse/market manipulation.
FINRA also provides/offers/administers a range of investor services/tools/resources, including educational materials, complaint handling procedures, arbitration forums

A Jumpstart Our Business Startups Jobs Act for 2012

The Jumpstart Our Business Startups Jobs Act of 2012, also referred to as the JOBS Act, has been a {landmark|significant|legislation passed by Congress to stimulate entrepreneurial activity within the United States. It aims to make it less difficult for small businesses to raise capital by modifying regulations on securities offerings. That JOBS Act has several key provisions, including the ability for companies to advertise their offerings more widely, the introduction of crowdfunding as a means to raise capital, and {themodification of restrictions on private company fundraising. Supporters of the JOBS Act argue that it will help small businesses to expand, create jobs, and enhance economic progress. Critics, however, voice concerns that the Act could lead increased risk for investors and {potentiallyhamper responsible market behavior.

Apex Group

Tycon Industries is a rising entity in the technology market. Known for its revolutionary products, Tycon continually pushes the limits of what's conceivable. Their passion to excellence is evident in every component of their business.

From unassuming beginnings, Tycon has grown into a global powerhouse. Their impact spans across numerous sectors, and their brand is synonymous with success.

SEC approval

Securing approval from the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is a crucial step for organizations seeking to issue securities. The SEC reviews applications meticulously to ensure conformity with federal financial regulations. Obtaining SEC registration illustrates a company's reliability and offers access to capital sources.

Organizations must file a comprehensive offering document detailing their business operations.
A may require additional documents during the evaluation period.
Once approved, companies can begin raising capital.

Support a cause

GoFundMe provides an avenue for launching fundraising campaigns for various purposes. Whether it's funding a personal project, GoFundMe offers a convenient way to gather contributions from the community. Start fundraising now and make a difference.

Kickstarter

Kickstarter is a website that enables people to support creative projects. It's a great way for inventors to raise the money they want to launch their ideas to life. Creators can share project proposals and interested backers can pledge various figures. In compensation, backers may get perks such as early access to the product, exclusive content, or even a chance to contribute in its building. Kickstarter has become a thriving space for creativity and innovation, bridging individuals with backers worldwide.

GoFundMe

Is the project desperately wanting some additional funding? Explore starting a campaign on Indiegogo, a public fundraising platform built to help individuals obtain their visions. With Indiegogo, you can share the project with the audience and gather donors who believe your idea. From gadgets, Indiegogo offers a diverse range of categories to accommodate various type of project.

Equity Investment

Equity investment entails holding shares of ownership in a company. This means you become a partial owner and have the potential to earn from the company's performance. Entrepeneurs engage in equity investment through various markets, such as stock exchanges or directly with companies. It is a volatile investment strategy, but it also offers the possibility for significant gains. Understanding the aspects of equity investing is crucial before making any choices.

Equinety

EquityNet is a platform that connects funders with startups. It provides a resource for both parties to connect and enable investment. Investors can browse through a variety of pitches from businesses across diverse industries. Businesses can list their plans on EquityNet and attract investment to help them develop. The platform also offers resources and support to both investors and businesses, making it a integrated approach for funding entrepreneurial ventures.

Plunge into Uncharted Territory

Venturing into the realm of innovation is a thrilling proposition. It demands courage to chart a course through uncertainties. Successful ventures often emerge from a fusion of vision and a willingness to evolve in the face of difficulties.

Cultivating strong roots is paramount.
Discovering a niche in the market can be instrumental.
Tenacity often separates those who succeed from those who stumble.

The Investment Bank

Goldman Inc. is a renowned global firm headquartered in New York City. Known for its strengths in investment banking, Goldman Sachs has played a pivotal role in driving the global economy for over a century. The firm is renowned for its highly skilled workforce who are dedicated to to deliver exceptional results for clients worldwide. With a long history of success and innovation, Goldman Sachs remains a dominant force in the global financial industry.

The Merrill Lynch

Merrill Lynch is a/was a/has been globally recognized financial institution/investment bank/brokerage firm. Established in/Founded in/Originating from New York City in the year/during the year/around the year 1920, it quickly grew to become/maintained its position as/established itself as one of the largest/most prominent/leading firms in the industry. Known for/Renowned for/Famous for its expertise in/range of services/diverse portfolio, Merrill Lynch has consistently delivered/provided/offered a wide array of/comprehensive suite of/extensive selection of financial solutions to individuals, institutions and corporations worldwide/services to a diverse clientele.

Kickstart Your Dream Project

A crowdfunder is a powerful way to secure the resources you need for your venture. By engaging with a wider audience, you can cultivate backing from contributors who resonate in your mission.

Leverage the potential of a shared effort to realize your dream
Open up access to funding and remove traditional barriers
Foster a community of passionate advocates who champion your vision

Crowdfunding

The landscape of capital raising has been transformed by the emergence of investment networks. Among these, Regulation A Plus stand out as a avenue for companies to raise funds from the public. Guided by by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, these rules provide a framework for companies to sell securities to a general public. Alternatively, Regulation D offers a {private less regulated pathway for companies to raise capital from accredited investors. A key separation lies in the scale of funds procured, with Regulation A Plus targeting a greater number of investors. Conversely, Securities Act exemptions often involves a narrower group of high-net-worth individuals. To navigate this intricate system , companies may leverage the expertise of securities lawyers to ensure compliance with legal frameworks. The SEC filing process for companies seeking public funding through Reg A securities can be a lengthy undertaking.

Funding Campaigns

In today's dynamic business landscape, entrepreneurs are constantly seeking innovative ways to raise capital. A plethora of options exist, ranging from traditional venture capital firms to equity crowdfunding and even alternative lending.

Entrepreneurs|Startups|Tech Companies can leverage these various avenues to fuel their growth, expand operations, and bring innovative solutions to market.

Some notable players in the funding ecosystem include SoMoLend, RocketHub, as well as platforms like MicroVentures.

Investors|Individual Investors|Accredited Investors play a crucial role in this process, providing the necessary capital to fuel innovation and economic development.

The JOBS Act has positively impacted the capital raising landscape by providing greater access for both backers and companies.

Online Business Funding|Crowdfunding Campaigns|Real Estate Investments have also witnessed a surge in popularity, allowing individuals to participate in investment opportunities previously reserved for institutional players.

Platforms like GoFundMe have democratized the capital raising process, empowering individuals to contribute to ventures they believe in.

Seed Stage companies often rely on venture capital to get off the ground, while later-stage businesses may turn to IPO's to raise substantial capital.

The future of investment is poised for continued innovation and evolution, with emerging trends like blockchain technology shaping the landscape.

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REGULATION A+ OFFERING: FACT OR FICTION?

Regulation A+ Offering: Fact or Fiction?